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ADHD in Adults – Treatment Options ADHD is a common neurobiological disorder that affects 4.4 percent of the general population. It is accompanied with a high rate of comorbidity, including depression, anxiety and substance abuse as well as significant social, emotional and occupational impairments. Medications and psychotherapy are both effective treatments for adults with ADHD. Stimulants such as methylphenidate and amphetamine are among the most frequently prescribed drugs. Medicines Many adults suffering from ADHD experience significant improvements in symptoms and functioning as a result of medication. Due to the various ways that people react to medications, it is essential for those with ADHD to discover a combination that is effective. Adults with ADHD are prescribed stimulants like methylphenidate or amphetamines. These stimulants are available in liquid or tablet form in an immediate-release (short acting) formulation. They can be taken every three to four hour. Some adults supplement an immediate-release dose with an extended-release or long-acting medicine taken once a day to reduce the requirement for frequent doses throughout the day. Antidepressants such as desipramine have also been proven to be effective in the treatment of adults suffering from ADHD. This class of drugs can be used alone or in conjunction with stimulants to boost their effects. However, they may increase the risk of serious cardiovascular side effects such as an increased heart rate, EKG changes, and orthostatic hypotension. Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists like alprazolam and clonidine are also used to treat adults suffering from ADHD. These medications were originally developed to treat hypertension. They have a calming effect and can help improve focus and decrease hyperactivity and impulseivity in certain adults. These medications can lead to very low blood pressure when they are suddenly stopped, or the dosage is reduced. Psychotherapy can also be beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD. Individual therapy can help them cope with feelings of shame and embarrassment over their ADHD, as well as resentment toward co-workers, supervisors teachers, and family members who may nag or criticize them. Marriage and family counseling is a great method to help couples with ADHD to better understand each other and improve their communication. Behavioral Therapy A key goal of psychosocial therapy for adults ADHD is to impart strategies and skills that help improve performance in everyday life. Psychotherapy can also help people who suffer from ADHD overcome low self-esteem and feelings of failure that often accompanies this condition. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is also referred to as cognitive behavioral therapy, assists people in changing their negative thoughts and feelings that cause difficulties in their lives. It helps them learn new ways to think, feel and behave. This short-term and goal-oriented therapy has been proven to be effective in treating a variety of conditions, including depression and anxiety. It can be utilized in conjunction with other treatments or on its own. CBT can include group therapy. This is particularly beneficial for people with ADHD because it allows them to connect with others who have similar struggles and discover how they deal with their ADHD symptoms. It can be offered in person or by phone. In one study, CBT was compared to the standard treatment for adults who have ADHD. Both treatments improved self-report indicators like symptoms, functioning and quality of life. CBT has been compared to other psychosocial treatments in adults suffering from ADHD. All of these studies have shown significant reductions in ADHD symptoms with effects between medium and large. These improvements were attributed to various modalities, including cognitive and interpersonal therapy as well as social skills training, problem solving training, as well as mindfulness mediation. However, caution is advised when comparing the effectiveness of different treatments for adults with ADHD. It is possible that the different outcomes of the treatments are due to a variety of variables such as treatment characteristics, measures employed, and patient backgrounds. adhd in adults treatment have examined the effectiveness of neurofeedback, a technique that involves wearing an electrode-lined cap when performing cognitive tasks to pinpoint areas in the brain that there is too much or little activity. Then, instructing the person to manage these patterns. Counseling Many people with ADHD have anxiety or mood disorders that require treatment. Counseling can help to address these problems, which may be contributing to the ADHD symptoms. Certain psychotherapy strategies include interpersonal therapy to enhance the ability of a person to form meaningful relationships and resolve conflicts. Cognitive behavioral therapy aims to transform negative behaviors and assist in managing self-destructive and impulsive behavior that can cause problems at school or work. In certain cases psychotherapy can be used as an alternative to medication for adult ADHD treatment for adults. People with comorbid conditions like bipolar disorder and substance abuse need to be evaluated carefully to ensure that they do not suffer from symptoms that aren't improved by the medications used to treat ADHD. Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, lead poisoning and a history or seizures, should be treated with more vigor. When ADHD is serious enough to affect the quality of life and daily functioning intensive outpatient programs could be recommended. These programs offer more intensive and structured treatment than traditional outpatient therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) assists adults suffering from ADHD enhance their ability to manage time management and impulse control, as well as executive function, and planning. adhd treatment in adults helps them identify and express their emotions and uses worksheets and activities to make the lessons more enjoyable. Mindfulness meditation training improves CBT, and it improves the ability of people to concentrate and control their emotions. It improves the ability of a person to manage stress and arousal. It can help them cope with sadness, anger, and other difficult feelings which could be contributing to their ADHD. Occupational Therapy Adults with ADHD experience difficulties at work and at home. treatment for add adhd in adults can also impact relationships and cause financial difficulties. Therapy that addresses these issues can help you improve your self-esteem, resolve the root causes of your issues and develop healthy coping mechanisms. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a successful treatment for adults suffering from ADHD and helps them change their negative thoughts and behavior. It focuses on teaching techniques for managing time and overcoming thinking distortions which contribute to negative moods, and the perception that there are only a few choices. Many people suffering from ADHD suffer from anxiety or depression disorders that are comorbid. These psychiatric disorders can diminish or exacerbate the effectiveness of certain medications used to treat ADHD. It is recommended that you first treat the most severe comorbidity and then monitor the response to the medication before treating the other disorder. Occupational therapy can help you organize your work and life by establishing predictable routines to manage your money and time, and develop an optimistic image of yourself. It can also help you master relaxation techniques that can reduce your impulsivity and hyperactivity. Similarly yoga and other forms of exercise can help you focus better by ensuring your body is stable in different postures. Marriage and family counseling can help adults with ADHD to overcome the problems they cause their spouses, kids and friends. They frequently complain that they are insecure, unorganized, and susceptible to making decisions based on impulsivity. You can build stronger relationships by informing your spouses and family members about ADHD. It can also help you and your family members to understand that the issues are caused by ADHD, rather than the lack of care or an unwillingness to cooperate. Clinical Trials Adult ADHD is a neurobiological disorder which is extremely prevalent. It is accompanied by a high rate of comorbidity, such as anxiety, depression and substance abuse disorders. The use of medication and psychosocial interventions is available as treatments. There are many treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. Certain of these medications have been tested in trials. These studies have highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of the various medications. Adults who suffer from ADHD may experience the same symptoms as children have, but it's difficult to determine since childhood symptoms may not last into adulthood. In addition, adults with ADHD might not have a history of the disorder in their family or may not be aware of having symptoms. It is important to have a thorough medical history in order to determine whether the symptoms are caused by a medical condition, such as thyroid problems, sleep apnea or hearing and vision issues. Adults with ADHD are treated with stimulants or nonstimulants. The stimulants have the highest response rates for adults with ADHD. Their rates of responsiveness range from 70 to 80%. Amphetamine and methylphenidate are the most frequently prescribed stimulants. Methylphenidate may also be administered through a transdermal system. This allows for continuous medication delivery during the daytime. Adults with ADHD can take nonstimulant medications that act on norepinephrine or dopamine. Desipramine is the most researched tricyclic and has been shown to be effective in adult patients with ADHD. It is a medication with a low dose which should be increased each seven days by 50mg until the desired effect is seen. Bupropion XL another antidepressant, has been shown to work in adults with ADHD. It is a dopamine-agonist that blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine at the presynaptic transporter and increasing its presence in the brain. This drug has been shown to improve mood and reduce hyperactivity in adults, but it isn't as effective as stimulants in improving concentration or cognitive function.